OasisLMS

Abstract
Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) plays a pivotal role in the management of autoimmune neuromuscular disorders by facilitating the removal of pathogenic autoantibodies, immune complexes, and proinflammatory mediators, often resulting in short-term symptomatic improvement. This monograph provides a comprehensive review of the indications, mechanisms, clinical applications, and evidence supporting TPE across a spectrum of autoimmune neuromuscular conditions. TPE is utilized in both acute and maintenance settings, particularly when rapid immunomodulation is required. However, sustained disease control frequently requires combination therapy with immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory agents. Current recommendations are guided by the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) guidelines, which categorize disorders into four levels (I–IV) based on quality of evidence and clinical utility, with strength of recommendations graded using the GRADE framework. Strong evidence supports the use of TPE in conditions such as Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and myasthenia gravis (MG). In selected refractory cases—including stiff-person spectrum disorders (SPS), paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNHS), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs)—TPE may be considered based on clinical judgment and guideline recommendations. Emerging strategies, including immunoadsorption and targeted biologic therapies, are being explored as adjunctive or alternative approaches. This review aims to provide clinicians with an evidence-based framework to optimize the use of TPE in autoimmune neuromuscular disorders.

Objectives: The objectives of this activity are to: (1) Describe the indications, mechanisms of action, and clinical rationale for therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in autoimmune neuromuscular disorders. (2) Evaluate current evidence and practice guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) to guide appropriate TPE use. (3) Apply evidence-based principles to optimize treatment decisions, monitor safety, and manage patients undergoing TPE in various neuromuscular clinical scenarios.

ACCREDITATION STATEMENT
The AANEM is accredited by the American Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to providing continuing education for physicians. AANEM designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Dr. Memon serves as a consultant for Inlightened, Sentiment and Connected Research and has research funding from NIH, Genentech, TG Therapeutics. Dr. Lisak serves as a consultant for Immunec AG, Argenx. COUR Pharma (Data Safety Monitoring Board) and has research funding from NINDS and Argenx. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated according to ACCME standards.